Please use this identifier to cite or link to this item: http://hdl.handle.net/1893/26833
Appears in Collections:Biological and Environmental Sciences Journal Articles
Peer Review Status: Refereed
Title: Spectroscopic examinations of hydro- and glaciovolcanic basaltic tuffs: Modes of alteration and relevance for Mars
Author(s): Farrand, William H
Wright, Shawn P
Glotch, Timothy D
Schröder, Christian
Sklute, Elizabeth C
Dyar, M Darby
Contact Email: christian.schroeder@stir.ac.uk
Keywords: Mars, surface
Mineralogy
Volcanism
Earth
Spectroscopy
Issue Date: 15-Jul-2018
Date Deposited: 8-Mar-2018
Citation: Farrand WH, Wright SP, Glotch TD, Schröder C, Sklute EC & Dyar MD (2018) Spectroscopic examinations of hydro- and glaciovolcanic basaltic tuffs: Modes of alteration and relevance for Mars. Icarus, 309, pp. 241-259. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.icarus.2018.03.005
Abstract: Hydro- and glaciovolcanism are processes that have taken place on both Earth and Mars. The amount of materials produced by these processes that are present in the martian surface layer is unknown, but may be substantial. We have used Mars rover analogue analysis techniques to examine altered tuff samples collected from multiple hydrovolcanic features, tuff rings and tuff cones, in the American west and from glaciovolcanic hyaloclastite ridges in Washington state and in Iceland. Analysis methods include VNIR-SWIR reflectance, MWIR thermal emissivity, thin section petrography, XRD, XRF, and Mössbauer spectroscopy. We distinguish three main types of tuff that differ prominently in petrography and VNIR-SWIR reflectance: minimally altered sideromelane tuff, gray to brown colored smectite-bearing tuff, and highly palagonitized tuff. Differences are also observed between the tuffs associated with hydrovolcanic tuff rings and tuff cones and those forming glaciovolcanic hyaloclastite ridges. For the locations sampled, hydrovolcanic palagonite tuffs are more smectite and zeolite rich while the palagonitized hyaloclastites from the sampled sites are largely devoid of zeolites and relatively lacking in smectites as well. The gray to brown colored tuffs are only observed in the hydrovolcanic deposits and appear to represent a distinct alteration pathway, with formation of smectites without associated palagonite formation. This is attributed to lower temperatures and possibly longer time scale alteration. Altered hydro- or glaciovolcanic materials might be recognized on the surface of Mars with rover-based instrumentation based on the results of this study.
DOI Link: 10.1016/j.icarus.2018.03.005
Rights: This article was published under a Creative Commons license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/)
Licence URL(s): http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

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