http://hdl.handle.net/1893/204 This community contains the ePrints and eTheses produced by the Faculty's staff and students. Wed, 07 Oct 2026 03:40:19 GMT 2026-10-07T03:40:19Z http://hdl.handle.net/1893/38374 Title: Sociodemographic, health and criminological risk factors for post-imprisonment mental health and substance use-related service contacts: A nationwide retrospective cohort study using linked data (RELEASE) Author(s): Kjellgren, Richard; Savinc, Jan; Dougall, Nadine; Watson, Jim; Brown, Ashley; Parkes, Tessa; Kurdi, Amanj; Leyland, Alastair; Haddow, Christine; Hunt, Kate; Connell, Catriona Abstract: Purpose To quantify differences in health service (community, unscheduled/emergency, inpatient) contact for mental health and substance use pre and post-release from prison, and explore variations between subgroups based on sociodemographic, health and criminological risk factors. Methods We conducted a nationwide retrospective cohort study of mental health and substance use-related health service contacts for everyone released from a Scottish prison in 2015. A whole-systems approach utilising linked administrative health and prison data was used to assess contacts over a four-year follow-up period, across nine health services spanning community, unscheduled/emergency, and inpatient care. The analysis is focused on subgroup variations among people released from prison; we have previously reported findings from a matched population comparison elsewhere [1]. Incidence rate ratios, using person-years of time-in-community as a denominator, with 95% confidence intervals, were estimated to compare community contacts prior to, and following, the 2015 index release. Multivariable negative binomial models were fitted for each service to explore subgroup variation. Results Contact incidence rates increased in the follow-up period in four out of nine services compared to the four years prior. Sociodemographic, health and criminological risk factors contribute to variability, and demonstrate complex patterning, across the nine services. The number of pre-index prison episodes, time spent in prison, and circumstances of index release (e.g., supervision, probation) were independently associated with post-imprisonment contacts. Conclusion Cumulative time in prison and repeated short-term imprisonment, and circumstances of release, contribute to different experiences upon release and variations in post-imprisonment health service contacts for mental health and substance use. Health and criminal justice policymakers must consider how imprisonment and release may exacerbate health needs and service demands, and ensure harms of imprisonment are minimised. Sat, 19 Sep 2026 00:00:00 GMT http://hdl.handle.net/1893/38374 2026-09-19T00:00:00Z http://hdl.handle.net/1893/38370 Title: Vaping During Pregnancy and Maternal, Fetal, and Infant Health Outcomes: A Scoping Review of Human and Animal Studies Author(s): Fielder, Stella; Barnes, Chloe; Ormesher, Laura; Arrowsmith, Sarah; Junejo, Rehan; Ussher, Michael; Heazell, Alexander Abstract: The prevalence of vaping, defined as the use of e-cigarettes, during pregnancy is increasing, but its effects on maternal, fetal, and infant health remain incompletely understood. Human studies are heterogeneous and largely observational with a primary focus on neonatal and infant outcomes and limited assessment of maternal physiology. In contrast, pre-clinical animal studies suggest potential biological effects across maternal vascular, respiratory, metabolic, and neurodevelopmental systems. A comprehensive mapping of the existing evidence is therefore needed to characterise the scope of research to date and identify key gaps in the literature. http://hdl.handle.net/1893/38370 http://hdl.handle.net/1893/38364 Title: Does ‘Moral Reframing’ Impact Support for Supervised Drug Consumption Facilities in the UK? An Experimental Vignette Study Author(s): Nicholls, James; Jones, Andrew; Maynard, Olivia; Askew, Rebecca; Montgomery, Catharine; Holland, Adam; Sumnall, Harry Abstract: The provision of supervised drug consumption facilities (SDCF) is a recent development in the United Kingdom (UK). The only currently operating facility opened in Glasgow in 2025. It has attracted extensive media and political scrutiny, often framed in moral terms. This experimental vignette study examined the role of moral judgements in UK debates on SDCF provision through the lens of Moral Foundations Theory (MFT). We undertook a cross-sectional online experimental study with a randomised factorial design. Participants (N=1,506; 52% female; mean age 47±16 years) were randomly assigned one of seven short vignettes. Six made an argument in favour of SDCF provision, framed around one of the six moral foundations identified in the Moral Foundations Questionnaire, Version 2 (MFQ-2). One provided a neutral description of SDCFs. Participants then answered two questions on support for SDCF provision either (a) in the UK or (b) in their local area. Across all groups, support for SDCF provision somewhere in the UK was broadly positive. However, exposure to different message frames was not associated with differences in level of support. In contrast, only participants exposed to the care/harm framing vignette showed support for an SDCF in their own neighbourhood. Furthermore, MFQ-2 scores showed only limited associations with support: specifically, orientation towards the care/harm foundation predicted greater support for local provision. Our findings suggest that moral framing may have limited persuasive effect when policy proposals are hypothetical or abstract, but that some types of moral considerations may become more salient as interventions are concretised in local contexts. The findings raise questions about the extent to which MFQ scores predict opinions on specific drug policy issues and invite further research on the role of emotional salience in shaping public responses to drug policy proposals. Mon, 28 Sep 2026 00:00:00 GMT http://hdl.handle.net/1893/38364 2026-09-28T00:00:00Z http://hdl.handle.net/1893/38345 Title: Systematic review and meta-analysis of the effectiveness of volitional help sheet interventions for health behaviour change Author(s): Stewart, Ross J; Presseau, Justin; Dombrowski, Stephan U Abstract: This systematic review aimed to synthesise studies evaluating the effectiveness of volitional help sheet (VHS) interventions in changing health behaviours, behavioural outcomes and behaviour-related cognitions. Controlled or uncontrolled VHS-based intervention studies targeting health behaviour change were included. Effect sizes were estimated using random effects meta-analyses as standardised mean differences (SMD), mean differences (MD) and odds ratios (OR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI). Twenty-seven studies met inclusion criteria; including 25 randomised trials. Interventions targeted health risk behaviours (e.g., alcohol consumption), health promoting behaviours (e.g., physical activity), and behaviour-related outcomes (i.e., weight). Overall, VHS interventions led to significant changes in health behaviours (SMD 0.22, 95% CI, 0.13, 0.30), and non-significant effects on cancer screening OR 0.93 (95% CI, 0.81, 1.07) and weight change (MD – 1.20 kg, 95% CI, – 2.79–0.38). The VHS led to significant changes in intentions (SMD 0.29, 95% CI, 0.08, 0.49; 6 comparisons, n = 770); self-efficacy (SMD 0.31, 95% CI, 0.15, 0.46) and self-regulatory effort (SMD 0.27, 95% CI, 0.03–0.51). Subgroup analysis found no difference for in-person vs remote delivery (P = 0.06) or behavioural categories (P = 0.23). The VHS is a scalable intervention for behaviour change with the potential to support small changes in some health-related behaviours. Wed, 01 Jul 2026 00:00:00 GMT http://hdl.handle.net/1893/38345 2026-07-01T00:00:00Z