Qualitative analysis of vocabulary evolution on the linked open data cloud

Abstract

We analyse the evolution of vocabularies on the Linked Open Data cloud. Based on the recent statistics of the LOD cloud, we have selected the twelve most dominant vocabularies in terms of their use in different pay-level domains. The number of versions we found for these vocabularies range between 2 to 11. While some ontologies exist for more than 10 years (e.g., FOAF) others are only online since a few years (like DCAT). Our analysis shows that many changes occurred on annotation properties. This reflects a need for more clarification of the terms, especially at early versions of the vocabularies. The majority of changes in the vocabularies are due to changes in other, imported vocabularies. Thus, there is a co-evolution of different vocabularies. This insight has practical impacts to ontology engineers. They not only need to consider the evolution of the vocabularies they directly use, but also those they import and indirectly depend on.