Please use this identifier to cite or link to this item: http://hdl.handle.net/1893/36610
Appears in Collections:Senior Management Team Journal Articles
Peer Review Status: Refereed
Title: Observational and genetic associations between cardiorespiratory fitness and cancer: a UK Biobank and international consortia study
Author(s): Watts, Eleanor L
Gonzales, Tomas I
Strain, Tessa
Saint-Maurice, Pedro F
Bishop, D Timothy
Chanock, Stephen J
Johansson, Mattias
Keku, Temitope O
Le Marchand, Loic
Moreno, Victor
Newcomb, Polly A
Newton, Christina C
Pai, Rish K
Purdue, Mark P
Townsend, Paul A
Contact Email: catherine.stewart@stir.ac.uk
Issue Date: 31-Jan-2024
Date Deposited: 13-Jan-2025
Citation: Watts EL, Gonzales TI, Strain T, Saint-Maurice PF, Bishop DT, Chanock SJ, Johansson M, Keku TO, Le Marchand L, Moreno V, Newcomb PA, Newton CC, Pai RK, Purdue MP & Townsend PA (2024) Observational and genetic associations between cardiorespiratory fitness and cancer: a UK Biobank and international consortia study. <i>British Journal of Cancer</i>, 130, pp. 114-124. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41416-023-02489-3
Abstract: Background The association of fitness with cancer risk is not clear. Methods We used Cox proportional hazards models to estimate hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for risk of lung, colorectal, endometrial, breast, and prostate cancer in a subset of UK Biobank participants who completed a submaximal fitness test in 2009-12 (N = 72,572). We also investigated relationships using two-sample Mendelian randomisation (MR), odds ratios (ORs) were estimated using the inverse-variance weighted method. Results After a median of 11 years of follow-up, 4290 cancers of interest were diagnosed. A 3.5 ml O2⋅min−1⋅kg−1 total-body mass increase in fitness (equivalent to 1 metabolic equivalent of task (MET), approximately 0.5 standard deviation (SD)) was associated with lower risks of endometrial (HR = 0.81, 95% CI: 0.73–0.89), colorectal (0.94, 0.90–0.99), and breast cancer (0.96, 0.92–0.99). In MR analyses, a 0.5 SD increase in genetically predicted O2⋅min−1⋅kg−1 fat-free mass was associated with a lower risk of breast cancer (OR = 0.92, 95% CI: 0.86–0.98). After adjusting for adiposity, both the observational and genetic associations were attenuated. Discussion Higher fitness levels may reduce risks of endometrial, colorectal, and breast cancer, though relationships with adiposity are complex and may mediate these relationships. Increasing fitness, including via changes in body composition, may be an effective strategy for cancer prevention.
DOI Link: 10.1038/s41416-023-02489-3
Rights: This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.
Notes: Additional authors: Cornelia M. Ulrich, Karl Smith-Byrne, Bethany Van Guelpen, The PRACTICAL consortium, CRUK, BPC3, CAPS, PEGASUS, Felix R. Day, Katrien Wijndaele, Nicholas J. Wareham, Charles E. Matthews, Steven C. Moore & Soren Brage
Licence URL(s): http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

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