Please use this identifier to cite or link to this item: http://hdl.handle.net/1893/36854
Appears in Collections:Psychology Journal Articles
Peer Review Status: Refereed
Title: Negative emotion and perceived social class.
Author(s): Bjornsdottir, R Thora
Rule, Nicholas O
Contact Email: thora.bjornsdottir@stir.ac.uk
Keywords: social class
socioeconomic status
person perception
emotion
valence
Issue Date: 2020
Date Deposited: 19-Jul-2023
Citation: Bjornsdottir RT & Rule NO (2020) Negative emotion and perceived social class.. <i>Emotion</i>, 20 (6), pp. 1031-1041. https://doi.org/10.1037/emo0000613
Abstract: People use stereotypes about the benefits of wealth and success to infer that rich people look happier than poor people. For instance, perceivers categorize smiling faces as rich more often than they categorize neutral faces as rich. Moreover, richer people’s neutral faces in fact display more positive affect than poorer people’s neutral faces. Applying these emotion stereotypes thus enables perceivers to accurately classify targets’ social class from their neutral faces. Extant research has left unexplained whether perceivers use broad differences in valence or specific emotions when judging others’ social class, however. We tested this here by examining how 4 negatively valenced emotions influence perceptions of social class: sadness, anger, disgust, and fear. Whereas sadness and anger relate to both stereotypes and actual correlates of lower social class (e.g., depression and hostility, respectively), no established links suggest that poorer people should express or experience greater disgust or fear. Consistent with stereotypes of lower-class people, targets expressing sadness and anger were categorized as poor or working class more often than neutral targets were. Targets expressing disgust and fear also looked lower class than neutral targets did, however. These combined findings therefore suggest that perceivers rely on valence differences rather than specific emotions to judge social class, indicating that the broad perception of low social class as a negative state (and high social class as a positive state) may drive face-based impressions of social class.
DOI Link: 10.1037/emo0000613
Licence URL(s): http://www.rioxx.net/licenses/under-embargo-all-rights-reserved

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